OSTEOARTHRITIS – Its Causes, sign & symptoms

Inflammation of joints is called arthritis. The destruction of cartilage between bones forming the joint causes inflammation to that joint that causes friction between bones i.e.; rubbing of bones together.

It can occur in any joint. More common in knee joint.

CAUSES

• Obesity
• Genetics
• Injury to joint
• Repetitive joint movements
• Autoimmune disorders
• Dislocation of joint
• Injury to ligaments  

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

• Joint pain
• Soreness to joint especially during the movement
• Swelling to joint
• Restricted range of motion (movement at the joint)
• Stiffness to the joint
• Tenderness
• Crepitus(cracking sound in the joint)
• Bone ossification
• Lack of flexibility

RISK FACTORS

• Genetics: inherited bone deformities
• Gender : most likely to occur in females than males.
• Age : most likely to occur in old age people
• Weight: obese people are likely to develop osteoarthritis
• Prior injuries
• Prolong stress on the joint
• Diabetic conditions

TREATMENT

• Ice application on the affected area to reduce swelling
• Weight loss
• Muscle strengthening exercises
• Stretching exercises
• Hydrotherapy exercises: water resistance provides better strength and flexibility
• Contrast bath (hot and cold therapy)
• Mobility devices

When to see a doctor

When the pain is unbearable and interfere with the activities of daily living.

PRECAUTIONS

• Maintain an average body mass index(BMI): keeping a healthy body weight
• Keep your sugar intake limited
• Maintain a regular schedule for mobility exercises
• Maintain correct posture
• Avoid putting weight on only side of the body
• Rest for 5 min every half and hour if your work includes repetitive movements